Kalaymanism

Kalaymanism, also known as Neofederal Socialism, is a political ideology originally created by Nikolai Kalaymanov and adopted first in Cykoslevinia. It advocates for political democracy alongside a socially owned economy, with a particular emphasis on workers' self-management and democratic control of economic institutions within market socialism. Although most Kalaymanists seek a gradual transition to socialism, Kalaymanism can support either revolutionary or reformist politics as a means to establish socialism. As a term, Kalaymanism was popularised by left-wing politicians who were opposed to the authoritarian development of communism in the few nations who had communism in place. Kalaymanism got the name "Neofederal Socialism" based on its opposition to Unitary Republics and instead its central idea that only a Federal Republic can be truly free.